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    <title><![CDATA[Sound Cultures in Indian Cinema]]></title>
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    <pubDate>Sat, 25 Apr 2026 16:03:51 +0000</pubDate>
    <managingEditor>ritwickpal@gmail.com (Sound Cultures in Indian Cinema)</managingEditor>
    <copyright>&Acirc;&copy; &amp; &Acirc;&reg; by Media lab, Jadavpur University, 2011</copyright>
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      <title><![CDATA[Challenge of Sound]]></title>
      <link>https://sounds.medialabju.org/items/show/15</link>
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    <h2>Dublin Core</h2>
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        <h3>Title</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">Challenge of Sound</div>
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        <h3>Subject</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">Sound Technology, talkies, sound recording</div>
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        <h3>Description</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">S.B Thakkar&acirc;&euro;&trade;s conversations with Prabhat&acirc;&euro;&trade;s sound recordist Shankarrao Damle figure in this article. Inter alia, S. Damle mentions the underdeveloped technology and technicians available to Indian studios in the beginning, which led a few studios to hiring the foreign engineers who came with the imported talkie equipment. There were at the same time indigenous innovators like Modhu Sil in Calcutta, Goverdhanbhai Patel in Bombay. S. Damle reminisces the Audio Camex equipment he handled for the first time. The article states that the &acirc;&euro;&tilde;sound man&acirc;&euro;&trade; in those days was a &acirc;&euro;&tilde;second grade citizen&acirc;&euro;&trade; of the film studio. Though the studio floors were sound proofed, they often were not adequate in the event of pigeons cooing in the premises. &acirc;&euro;&tilde;Crackling&acirc;&euro;&trade; was another technical misfortune that beset the sound recording process. The article speaks of the role of the sound engineers associated with the equipment dealers, who had a monopoly over the maintenance and repair of the machines, more than the sound recordists themselves. </div>
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        <h3>Creator</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">S.B. Thakkar</div>
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        <h3>Source</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">National Film Archive of India</div>
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        <h3>Publisher</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">Cinema Vision India, Vol.1, No.2, April 1980, pp.13-18</div>
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        <h3>Date</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">1980-04</div>
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        <h3>Contributor</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">The Media Lab</div>
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        <h3>Format</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">jpeg</div>
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                                    <div class="element-text">Eng</div>
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                                    <div class="element-text">Paper</div>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Jun 2011 16:32:10 +0000</pubDate>
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      <title><![CDATA[RCA sound recording equipment 1937]]></title>
      <link>https://sounds.medialabju.org/items/show/5</link>
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                                    <div class="element-text">RCA sound recording equipment 1937</div>
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                                    <div class="element-text">Sound Recording Equipment </div>
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                                    <div class="element-text">This moving image file of RCA sound recording equipment from 1937 is from the private collection of Jyoti Chaukhani. The equipment was used for talkie production at Bharat Lakshmi Pictures Ltd. </div>
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        <h3>Creator</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">Jyoti Chaukhani <br />
<br />
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        <h3>Source</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">Jyoti Chaukhani, Bharat Lakshmi Pictures Ltd.</div>
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        <h3>Contributor</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">The Media Lab</div>
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                                    <div class="element-text">avi</div>
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                                    <div class="element-text">video clip </div>
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                                    <div class="element-text">avi</div>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Jun 2011 16:35:44 +0000</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[RCA/Empire Talkie Distributors ]]></title>
      <link>https://sounds.medialabju.org/items/show/4</link>
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                                    <div class="element-text">RCA/Empire Talkie Distributors </div>
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                                    <div class="element-text">Sound Reproduction Equipment, advertisement<br />
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                                    <div class="element-text">Advertisement of RCA sound reproduction equipment, &quot;the best by every test&quot;. The equipment&#039;s marketing agency is held by a talkie distributor- the Empire Talkie Distributors- with offices in Delhi, Lahore, Karachi and Calcutta. The advertisement claims the installation of about 200 units of equipment in India, Burma and Ceylon. </div>
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        <h3>Creator</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">Anonymous </div>
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        <h3>Source</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">National Film Archive of India</div>
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        <h3>Publisher</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">Varieties Weekly, September 16, 1933, Vol.3, No.50, p.15</div>
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        <h3>Date</h3>
                                    <div class="element-text">1933-09-16</div>
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                                    <div class="element-text">The Media Lab</div>
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                                    <div class="element-text">jpeg</div>
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                                    <div class="element-text">eng</div>
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                                    <div class="element-text">Document</div>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Jun 2011 16:28:36 +0000</pubDate>
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